DQ1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

DQ1 - Essay Example The hierarchies are a universal arrangement within organizations. This is for the reason that they imitate a normal as well as common method for individuals to tackle with complication. Forming a chain of command is consequently an ordinary thing to do, up till now it is equally simple as well as intricate. During the past the organizational structures were simple, with one department handling marketing and sales, one department handling distribution and customer service, and the other department working on research and development. The employees were more or less settled in their routines. But, in the present scenario it is pretty unrealistic to have the organizational structure defined above. Each one of the departments has loads to cope up with everyday, larger targets to meet, deadlines to meet, a bigger array of customers to be satisfied. The materialization of fresh technology, goods as well as amplified international rivalry will only assist the alteration that will be required in order to contend. An individual cannot supervise the history however can in no doubt take arraign of the future. The most noteworthy event is the hastening rate of modification for the goods also the growing range of goods presented as a result in compound also varying requirements mutually for individuals as well as for structures. Additionally, the consumers, the suppliers, as well as the technical modernizations keep transforming at spectacular momentum furthermore they have need of nippy reactions in order to defend their associations or else the aggressive positions. The element of efficient partnership within job situations signifies a method of accomplishing aggressive benefit within the market. The concept of effectual association signifies a major aspect of organizing a corporation’s structure. The plans utilized for corporations during the past cannot be utilized specified the burden on todays, a great deal

Information resource managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Information resource managment - Essay Example The paper will consider the role of a chief information officer in the organization USAID. The United States Agency for International Development is a United States of America based organization that offers assistance to international countries especially those that might be disaster stricken; hit by natural calamities like typhoons, earthquakes and drought. The USAID organization is highly organized to ensure that all the funds that are come in, are well accounted for, and the solutions offered to different companies are well tailored so as to suit their different needs. The USAID organization operates under the mandate of the United States Secretary of State Office and US Federal government office. Being under the US government administration, the office is able to take advantage of the latest information technology related information through the government administration. The United States government is one of the most competitive in terms of availability of the latest information and access to information technology systems to support technical services available. Being part of the government, USAID is able to access and make use of the latest information technology information that it can utilize to make its systems efficient. The USAID information systems ensure that the necessary aid is delivered where it is required. As the Chief Information Officer at USAID, the professional in charge of the title ensures that the policy that is formulated by the organization is in line with the whole organizational strategy, mission and vision (USAID, 1). The CIO also ensures that the USAID information technology related policy is aligned to those of the communities that the agency intends on assisting. Most of the areas where the company does its work are developing countries where they might not have the latest information systems and supporting network infr astructure. In such cases,

Strategic Management in FedEx in response to Competition

Strategic Management in FedEx in response to Competition History of air carriers as given by Coyle et al attributes the use of airplanes for mail transport as the starting point of the airline industry (Coyle et al, 2006:158). From mail transport air transportation moved to passenger, transport where the industry has all through established its dominance especially when it comes to transporting passengers over long distances in very short periods of time. The services offered by for-hire carriers can be classified into all-cargo, air taxi, commuter, charter and international services (Coyle et al, 2006:159). All-cargo carriers such as FedEx and UPS airlines are primarily concerned with the transportation of cargo. Federal Express Corporation, which is a cargo airline, is based at Memphis in the United States of America. Federal Express Corporation also known as FedEx is the largest airline globally with regard to freight tons but in terms of fleet size, it is the worlds second largest airline (Zhang, 2006:98). The corporation provides direction and financial reporting for a number of companies, which collectively compete under the Federal Express name globally. The companies include FedEx Ground, FedEx Express, FedEx Office, FedEx Freight, FedEx Services, FedEx Trade Networks and FedEx Custom Critical (FedEx.com, 2010:110). Before the Federal Express became Federal Express Corporation it was known as FedEx but it adopted the current name under which it currently operate in 1998 when it acquired Caliber System Inc. Federal Express Corporation built on its strength of express delivery service and formed more diversified company which incorporated different but related businesses (Denton, 1992:86). Federal Express Corporation is the leading firm in the transportation industry globally. The company has managed to attain its current position by incorporating what it takes to be a major player in the global market (Gp-Training, n.d.). FedEx Corporation has built superior virtual, physical and people network to shape network economy in the global scale. The following discussion will seek to conduct a strategic management analysis of FedEx based on two models; Porters five forces model and the SWOT analysis. The two models have been selected based on the reason that they provide a step-by-step analysis of an organization. They are objective and can enable a planner or strategic manager to make accurate predictions of a business or project. Further, they greatly assist in prior determinations before capital investments are made, for instance, they greatly assist in determining whether the goals and objectives of a particular business are attainable. SWOT Analysis and five forces model of Federal Express Corporation Introduction SWOT analysis refers to an evaluation technique deployed in determining the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and techniques in a business venture. On the other hand, Michael Porter established a structure that models a business as being influenced by five main forces. This model is very important and can be used by industries to understand their operations better. According to Overbeck (2009:126) porters five forces, which is a model for industry analysis, include rivalry, threats of substitutes, Buyer power, Supplier power and Barriers to entry or threat of entry (McGrew Wilson, 1982:75). In addition, FedEx SWOT analysis presents various opportunities as well as strengths of the company, which have made it become one of the market leaders globally. However, the company also has a number of threats and weakness that should be addressed to be able to become even more prosperous in future. Source: Hill, C. and Jones G. (2009:67). Strategic management theory. New York: Cengage Learning. Porters Five Forces model Rivalry According to Hill and Jones (2009:42), competition between rival firms according to traditional economic model drives profit to ultimately zero. However, competition is not perfect and businesses are not basic passive price takers but they strive for competitive advantage over rival firms. Application of rivalry, which is Michael porters first force to the Federal express, is evident. For instance, the corporation was faced with threatening rivalry challenge before it occupied the current position in the industry. For instance, the entry of competitors in their market. UPS in particular, posed a major threat. The company was ready to spend enormous sums of money in market penetration. For example, it invested in a thirty million dollar ad for purposes of competing with FedEx. Another challenge facing FedEx is the progressive developments in technology which act as substitutes to transnight mail delivery, for example, fax and emails. The entry of UPS into the market posed a severe thr eat to FedEx, serious enough to cause Pauline and Farhoomand (2000:88), to report that the transportation volume of FedEx was going down. FedEx Corporation responded to the threat of rivalry that threatened its progress and in January 2000, it resorted to reorganize the company into groups operation by doing business with the whole FedEx family. According to Hill and Jones (2009:42) it is important to reconsider strategy in order to compete effectively in the market. The theory of Porters five forces model state that such action should only be taken after understanding the structures of the industry (Goodwin, 2001:178). The resolution was that the five subsidiary companies and FedEx corporation was to compete collectively but to function independently, a strategy that boosted their pursuit for an advantage in the industry. This is in accordance with the strategic management theory and the model of Porters five forces, which further advocates the scrutiny of competitive forces in the market before identifying threats and opportunities as well as coming with a suitable strategy (Hill Jones, 2009:201). Another strategy that FedEx Corporation used was improving product differentiation by embracing innovation and offering high quality products and services to customers. According to (Goodwin, 2000:67), FedEx Corporation pooled its marketing, sales and customer service function that enable customers to access services of the group at a single point. The reorganization cost FedEx Corporation 100 million USD in a span of three years, but the end justified the means. These measures retained FedEx in the market, but did not frustrate UPS which in a number of years has managed to scoop its fair share of the market. Today, FedEx has grown into a multi- billion corporation owning various companies namely the FedEx corporation, FedEx Ground, FedEx Express , FedEx Freight, FedEx custom critical, FedEx Trade Networks and FedEx Kinkos . On the other hand, UPS has grown to the largest package delivery company on the globe owning companies like; UPS Mail Innovations, UPS Air Cargo, UPS Capital Corporation, UPS Consulting, UPS Aviation Technologies, UPS Mail Boxes Among Others. Threat of Substitutes A substitute product in Porters model is a product in other industries which could be deployed as an alternative to another product from a different industry. The threat of substitutes according to the five forces theory therefore exists when the demand of a product is affected by change in price of a substitute product (Overbeck, 2009:56). The same way the price elasticity of a product is affected by same substitute products hence when more substitutes become available, it influence demand, which becomes more elastic because customers have more alternatives. Competition can be endangered by threat of substitutes when they come from outside industry. Strategic management theory and five forces theory according to Hill and Jones (2009:53) assert that existence of very close substitutes poses a strong threat in the market and leads to reduced profitability. To deal with such a challenge the two theories support the idea of diversifying a companys products and service as FedEx did (Hill Jones, 2009:53-54). FedEx embraced technology and innovation, which enhanced reliability and speed of deliveries in the firm. The company adopted next day delivery services, which completely revolutionized the industry. This made it preferable to many customers because it became reliable and convenient. Perishable commodities could reach their intended destination with appropriate time, which consequently reduced competition among its rivals. According to Overbeck (2009:45), FedEx Corporation Company under the leadership of Smith pioneered a number of technological breakthrough that propelled the firm above all others. For instance, over 100000 PCs loaded with Federal Express software made to log and link customers into tracking and ordering systems were introduced in FedEx. Federal Express also, became the first to issue their drivers with handle scanners, a device that alerted customers when packages were either delivered or picked up. According to Pauline and Farhoomand (2000:113), Federal Express Co rporation was the first to launch a website with tracking and tracing capabilities. Such strategies helped the company to grow without feeling the pinch of the threat of substitutes. Buyer Power This is the impact that customers (buyers) have on a producing industry. According to Overbeck (2009:89), there are factors that determine the buyer power. Federal Express Corporation has been shaped by the buyer power especially corporate buyers who have enormous bargaining power resulting from the large amounts of purchases they make. Buyer power is also influenced by the switching costs. It is a fact that buyers power greatly influences FedEx. For example, it gained a huge share of the catalogue business because it was able to offer buyers lower prices as compared to UPS. The company has always tried to expand with the demand of its customers (Overbeck, 2009:89). FedEx Company has used information technology that has been quite significant in the globalization of trade, effective and efficient sharing of information within and outside the company, improved customer service and reduced costs of services offered by the company. As a result, the buyer power is skewed towards Federal Express Corporation because it provides the services that the buyer demands. According to five forces theory and strategic management theory, buyer power is a very significant consideration in designing business strategy (Hill Jones, 2009:50-52). On the other hand, buyer power also constrains FedEx in some ways. The delivery has nominal switching costs such that when a customer is not satisfied, they can easily switch to the competitors services. For instance, when UPS made its entry into the market, offering its services at half the price offered by FedEx, many of its customers disregarded the switching costs and moved to UPS. Supplier Power Supplier power illustrates the ease with which suppliers can determine prices. Supplier power id determined by the number of suppliers available in an industry, the distinctiveness of their services or products their influence over a company. The more supplier options open to a company, the less the likelihood of high supplier power. According to Hill and Jones (2009:52), a powerful supply has the ability to influence the producing industry. According to five forces theory and strategic management theory, suppliers can easily determine the future and progress of a firm and so can the third parties (Hill Jones, 2009:53). While other rival companies in the industry were sub-contracting their shipment to third parties and buying space on commercial airlines, Federal Express Corporation tried to acquire its own transportation fleet and in the tenth year, it became the first company in the United States to achieve 1 billion USD revenue mark in ten years without corporate mergers and acquisitions. According to Farhoomand and Pauline (2000), Federal Express Corporation does not have external factors that influence its internal decision and operation and has been able to advance greatly in the industry this is because Federal Express Corporation has limited influence of buyer power. Barriers to Entry/ Threat of Entry Hill and Jones (2009:43) argue that industries possess some characteristics, which protect the lofty levels of profit of firms in the market, which prevent additional firms from entering the market. It is this inhibition of additional rivals in the market, which is termed as barriers to entry. According to Strategic management and five forces theories, barriers to entry reduce rate of entry of new businesses, which therefore maintains the high level of profit for those firms that are already in the industry (Hill Jones, 2009:87). The sources of such barriers include government created barriers, Asset specificity, patents and proprietary knowledge and organizational economies of scale. Federal Express is already in the industry and dominating the industry already (Farhoomand Pauline, 2000:79). Therefore, it is not faced with any barrier to entry into the industry. FedEx and the other delivery companies already in the market like UPS are the cause of the barriers. They have large brand name as well as established relations with foreign countries. Smaller companies will have an almost impossible task of penetrating the market because of the large capital requirements. With little capital, it will be impossible to offer competitive prices. Further, reaching the standards set by the market giants is an uphill task. Federal Express SWOT Analysis FedEx SWOT analysis presents how the company has been able to use information technology in defining its strategies (Quality-Assurance-Solution, n.d.). Information technology apart from improving the performance has made it possible for the company reaches new associates or groups of people. SWOT analysis of FedEx Company involves analyzing strength, weaknesses, opportunities as well as the threats of the company in accordance with the SWOT analysis theory (Burger, 2008:12) Strengths of FedEx SWOT analysis theory according to Burger (2008:13) is very instrumental in helping companies identify internal and external attributes and factor, which affect the companies resource capability. According to the theory, internal attributes are strengths and weaknesses while external attributes are opportunities and threats (Burger, 2008:13). FedEx strengths in the transport industry include ; Efficient service delivery to customers. The company gives the needs of customers first priority. This has instilled customers with confidence in the company, thereby making it quite preferable among many people in the global market. In addition, Grignard (1994) argues that the strength of the company is the ability to offer express mail services, which ensures that mails are delivered overnight. This has made the company to outdo many major players in the industry such as United States Postal Service in terms of service delivery as well as customer service. According SWOT analysis theory such strength is very crucial in making FedEx realize its objectives (Burger, 2008:13). FedEx Company also has a very strong brand name, which gives it its place in the global market. FedEx is known for its innovativeness. It has proved time and over that it is capable of initiating great ideas that totally change the market. For example, the purchase of their own airplanes and ships instead of hiring. This boosts a customers confidence in the company as they are guaranteed that third parties are not a party to the delivery of their parcels. Further, FedEx is known as a market leader. Its known for its use of advanced technology and effective communications systems in all its operations. Its a recognized worldwide transportation company and its also known for its ability to take in smaller companies to expand its needs. Above all, its greatest strength is its brand name and the goodwill or reputation attached to it. Weaknesses SWOT theory according to Burger (2008:12) states that weaknesses are some of the internal conditions, which prevent companies from achieving their objectives. For instance, the dispute between the company and its pilots is an internal crack which could damage its reputation

Sex in the Media Essay examples -- Media Essays

Media Essay Advanced Composition No Means No "I don't believe in rape. No means no. Wait, if no meant no, all men would die a virgin. No means work on the neck, the nipples and come back in five minutes. I'm not saying a father should give this version of the birds and bees to his son. Listen she's gonna block your hands four or five times at least. I didn't raise you to be a quitter out there now did I. She wouldn't dress like that if she didn't want to get fingered." Comedian, Daniel Tosh expressed this quote meaning for it to be harmful. But, is it really harmful? Is this what society really thinks? Are women supposed to be easy? Do men need to take control and get what they want? A simple joke can be seen as what our society really thinks subconsciously. I believe our society has changed greatly from the past. Skirts are getting shorter, bikinis smaller. People are getting all kinds of plastic surgery to try and make there outer appearance to look even greater. Society has impacted us in a way that most people do not even think about what is happening. Our appearance on the outside has shaped the way society thinks in the present day. Jean Kilbourne in her article, Two Ways A Woman Can Get Hurt, explains how media has impacted on what we see people to be today. She explains this better for girls but it can be applied to all genders in the situation she explains if people are ugly, fat, disfigured, or handicap they are seen as being the outcast of what normal is. 2 But what is normal? According to Random House Unabridged Dictionary, normal in terms of biology and medicine is only of natural occurrence. In order to be normal there can't be any physical or mental alterations done to make yourself appear normal. Anyone ... ...ading America. Boston, New York: Bedford, 2004. 455-476. Messner, Michael A. "Center of Attention: the Gender of Sports Media." Rereading America. Boston, New York: Bedford, 2004. 477-489. - "Men feel increased pressure to conform to an aggressive dominant male stereotype, which leads to low self-esteem and high incidence of depression." -"Boys feel significant anxiety and sadness about growing up to be men." -"Despite feeling outwardly content, many boys feel deep feelings of loneliness and alienation." Stiles, John. Answers.Com. 04 Mar. 2004. 05 Oct. 2006 . "Advertisement was in excess of $450 billion in the United States." Tannen, Deborah. "Sex, Lies, and Conversation." Rereading America. Boston, New York: Bedford, 2004. 313-317. "Talk is about intimacy. Marriage is an orgy of closeness: you can tell your feelings and thoughts, and still be loved."

Donner Case

Order Size for drilling: * The Manual press needs 15 min for set up, in addition to 0. 08 min for every hole. Knowing that the typical circuit board has 500 drilled holes, then run time will be 0. 08*500 = 40 min / board. Therefore, time taken to drill N boards manually will be equal to : 15 + 40(N) * On the other hand the CNC drill needs 240 min for set up, in addition to 0. 004 min for every hole. So run time will be 0. 004*500 = 2 min / board.Then the time taken to drill N boards by CNC drill will be equivalent to : 240 + 2(N) * It is then logic to conclude that we will use CNC drill only in order sizes that will provide timing benefit over manual press. i. e. when 240 + 2N < 15 + 40N which means N 6 * However the shop floor policy dictates that only orders for more than 100 boards be drilled by CNC drill !!!!! Surely this must be changed * This means that they used the CNC drill in only 12 orders of the 60 orders received in September, while actually they should have used it in 3 5 orders ( all orders 6) !!Order Size for Profiling: * Set up time for Punch press is 50 min, while run time is 1 min / board. So Time taken to profile N orders will be 50 + N * While set up time for CNC routers reaches 150 min, in addition to 0. 5 min / board run time. So the time needed to complete profiling of N boards equals 150 + 0. 5(N) * Thus CNC reuters will produce time benefit if used only in orders more than 200 boards Capacity of Dry Film Photo Resist area: * Assuming order size equals 8 boards Then the panel preparation will take 5 + 0. = 5. 2 min Lamination & Exposure will take 20 + 2 = 22 min Development will take 20 + 0. 2 = 20. 2 min * This means that Lamination and exposure are the bottle neck of the process, and the cycle time for this step will be 22 min / panel. Which means that the capacity will be 2. 7 panels / hour * If we increased order size to 2 panels (16 boards) Panel preparation will take 5 + 0. 4 = 5. 4 min Lamination & Exposure will take 20 + 4 = 24 m in Development will take 20 + 0. 4 = 20. 4 min Lamination & exposure are still the bottle neck of the process, but the cycle time drops to 12 min / panel raising the capacity to 5 panels / hour.. Labor time for different order sizes: * Assuming four orders with one, eight, hundred and thousand boards each Operation| Setup| Run| One Board Order| Eight Board Order| Hundred Board Order| Thousand Boards order| PREPARATION| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Artwork Generation| 29| 0| 29| 29| 29| 29| Inspect & Shear| 20| 0. 5| 20. 5| 20. 5| 26. 5| 82. 5| Punch Tooling Holes| 10| 0. 5| 10. 5| 10. 5| 16. 5| 72. | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | IMAGE TRANSFER| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Drill| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Manual| 15| 0. 08| 55| Â  | Â  | Â  | CNC Drille| 240| 0. 004| Â  | 256| 440| 2240| Metallization| 10| 0. 75| 10. 75| 10. 75| 19. 75| 103. 75| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Dry Film Photoresi st| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | 1. Panel| 5| 0. 2| 5. 2| 5. 2| 7. 6| 30| 2. Laminate & Expose| 20| 2| 22| 22| 46| 270| 3. Develop| 20| 0. 2| 20. 2| 20. 2| 22. 6| 45| Electroplate| 25| 8. 5| 33. 5| 33. 5| 135. 5| 1087. 5| Strip DFPR| 5| 0. 2| 5. 2| 5. 2| 7. 6| 30| Etch & Tin Strip| 10| 0. | 10. 2| 10. 2| 12. 6| 35| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | FABRICATION | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Soldermask| 45| 1. 5| 46. 5| 46. 5| 64. 5| 232. 5| Solder Dip| 30| 0. 5| 30. 5| 30. 5| 36. 5| 92. 5| | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Profile| Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Punch Press| 50| 1| 51| 58| 150| Â  | CNC Router| 150| 0. 5| | | | 650| Inspect, Test, Pack| 45| 1. 5| 46. 5| 57| 145| 1545| | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Â  | Total Labor Time| Â  | Â  | 397| 615| 1160| 6545| * Total Labor time is 397 minutes, 615 minutes, 1160 minutes, and 6545 minutes. * Large orders will best utilize the operationLabor distributio n for the operation considering minimum 8 boards per order: * One technician is assigned to inspection & shear, and Punch Tooling Holes Operation Time = 31 minutes * One technician is assigned to CNC drill, and MetallizationOperation Time = 27 minutes * One technician is assigned to panel prep, Develop, and Strip DFPROperation Time = 31 minutes * One technician is assigned to Laminate & Expose, and Etch & Tin StripOperation Time = 31 minutes * One technician is assigned to ElectroplatingOperation Time = 33. minutes * Two technicians are assigned to SoldermaskeOperation Time = 23 minutes * One technician is assigned to SolderdipOperation Time = 30. 5 minutes * Two technicians are assigned to Punch pressOperation Time = 25. 5 minutes * Two technicians are assigned to Inspect, test, packOperation Time = 24 minutes * Artwork generation, CNC drill diskettes, and CNC router diskettes are done with non productive stuff as soon as the order is issued and prior to the actual work start.Throu ghput rate for manufacturing process is equal to the largest operation time for processes = 34 min to produce a patch of eight boards Max idle time per technician is 10 minutes per patch Reduce lead time for order delivery: * Provide an initial inventory to reduce raw material delivery time * Provide a fixed schedule for operation to minimize bottlenecks and work piling * Assign experienced technicians for emergency rush orders, small sized orders, and return boards to perform work off the main production line. Introduce a job action sheet moving with every panel to check mark every finished process to eliminate any returned work due to unperformed processes. * For any stoppage order a complete reschedule for the complete order is mandatory * Create a WIP and schedule sheet visual for the president and sales department to consider while planning for a bid *

Judaic Art Essay

The form of the human body has been used throughout art’s history: beginning with the Greeks, whose use of the nude form has only been outshined by the Romans, the human body has been a fascination of artists. The lack of the human form in Judaic art is therefore striking against a background so rich in the dynamic presence of the past classical periods all the way to modern culture. The lack of this form will be discussed in this essay and its relevance to the Judaic culture. Judaic art can best be said to have started in the Byzantine era. The early Christian art in fact is a plethora of Judaic art. Religion is the dominating focus of this artistic style (as religion is the dominating focus of most of the art period’s focus). Thus, a proper look at the beginnings of Judaic art is needed in order to have a better understanding of Judaic art in modern times. Early Judaic art is found throughout the catacombs. The focus in these catacombs of the artists was religious symbolism; that is, faith was the main component because it was their faith that the polytheistic society was persecuting them for. Thus, while the human form was found in abundance in previous artistic periods, its presence in early Judaic art is not found because the human body was not the culture’s important faucet of delivering their beliefs. It was God that was the main focus in early Judaic art, either symbolically as a Shepard or even in the colors the artists used. In fact the human body was unimportant until it came to depicting God, and even then the focus was on the symbol of God and not the corporeal. This lack of a focus on the human form is further illustrated in Judaic art during the late 4th century when the presence of animals is seen throughout Judaic art as a symbol of faith (i. e. notice the use of sheep in Good Shepard. 425-50 Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, Ravenna). There is a consistency of the religious background being the main component of the Judaic artist’s work (i. e. the work of Maurycy Minkowski and Samuel Hirszenberg are great examples of this). Since it is religion that is the main focus of the artistic style the paintings and other art forms reveal a tradition of extolling the landscape of the religious home of Jews, the culture, and religious symbolism through each. This can be seen in Nahum Gutman’s Small Town in which the life and times of the early Jewish immigrant in the promised land can be seen. The scene which Gutman portrays in his painting is that of Tel Aviv a new Jewish town. This painting is aesthetical to the Jewish culture in which new towns were springing up everywhere in which the main religion was Judaism and it is considered a primitive realism which gives way to other Jewish artists such as Cezanne whose portrayal of landscapes in vibrant colors is world renowned. In the basic forms of life, from village portrayals to fruit, Judaic art is extolling God through each painting or sculpture: in these basic forms of land or villages there is an essence that encapsulates the beauty of creation that goes beyond the human form as seen in Roman art, and truly represents the greatness of Yaw-weh. Thus, the importance of the human form in art history can be seen in Greek and Roman periods but for Judaic art there is a higher calling. Works Cited Sporre, Dennis. (2008). The Creative Impulse: An Introduction to the Arts. 8th edition. Prentice Hall.