Literature Review The Ntu Library - 916 Words

2.0 Literature review The NTU library was used to find books, online articles, journals and research used to review previous literature on the chosen topic. The research was gathered from eight books and over thirty articles and journals. Each piece of literature found was read, studied and evaluated to ensure they could be used for the topic of this dissertation. The ones chosen to use throughout were revised again and stored in a list of references. 2.1 Introduction This chapter includes areas in accordance to the work topic from findings of current research used. The literature was used for the following headings; communication in the construction industry; communication vocabulary; Common communication barriers; overcoming communication barriers; Information and communication technology impacts and effectiveness. The breakdown of literature into headings will be done to review current literature and go further into each heading specifically. This will show a solid understanding of the highlighted discussion areas which are of relevant use from current resources. Gaps will be found within the literature that will enable research to be completed from any lack of current research done, allowing the author to research further from the aims and objectives of the dissertation. 2.1.1 Communication in the construction industry The definition of communication can be ‘the imparting or exchange of information, ideas, or feelings.’ In which not only the exchange of information,Show MoreRelatedLife Sciences Grade 12 Investigative Research2049 Words   |  9 Pagessupport the flora and fauna within the ecosystem and still fulfil its main function dependent on what type of wetland it is. Aim: To determine the ecological status of the Reddam House wetland. Hypothesis: The Reddam House wetland is healthy. LITERATURE REVIEW http://whiteswetlands.blogspot.co.za/2010/04/what-makes-healthy-wetland.html The properties of what makes a wetland healthy which can be determined by observing what can be seen as normal for a wetland. Determining the health of a wetland byRead MoreThe Limitations Of Male Prison Suicide2431 Words   |  10 PagesThe limitations in prior research inspired the current study which aimed to review research investigating patterns of self-inflicted deaths or suicide among early stage male prisoners and long term prisoners in England and Wales, as well as considering implications for interventions. Eleven English language peer-reviewed studies (2003–2015) met the inclusion criteria. The reviewed papers highlighted particular patterns or factors that are synonymous with suicide among the targeted population. PreviousRead MoreBusiness Process Re-Engineering Case Study4624 Words   |  19 Pagesindustry with the application of BPR. A simulation model has been formulated to reduce any inefficiencies or bottlenecks inherent in the system under study. The scope of this research is limited to an operating theatre suite within a hospital. LITERATURE REVIEW The aggregate per capita healthcare expenditure in Singapore has risen consistently for the last three decades from about S$150 in the 1960s to S$800 in the 1997 (Tan and Chew 1997). The healthcare industry in Singapore, like its global counterpartsRead MoreServant Leadership3894 Words   |  16 Pagesservant leader within any level of management and work environment. It is through the process of comparing and contrasting the interviewees’ statements that servant leadership is better understood. Servant Leadership Literature Review History is consumed with pictures and historical facts that have defined the ‘Great Leaders’ of the human race. When one investigates the qualities that have placed men and women into the limelight as heroes who successfully lead peopleRead MoreDarden Mba Resumes16768 Words   |  68 Pagesscholarship (among top 50 from over 10,000 candidates) ï‚ · Received First Class Honors (top degree distinction, GPA: 3.95). Dean s list holder (among top 5%) ï‚ · President of NTU Apex Club (premier club for computer programming enthusiasts); spearheaded initiative to extend training from top programmers to entire student population ï‚ · Represented NTU as an exchange student at University of Strathclyde, UK; GPA: 4.0 EXPERIENCE 2007-2009 Credit Lyonnais Securities Asia (CLSA/Calyon) Singapore Equity ResearchRead MoreConsumer Lifestyle in Singapore35714 Words   |  143 Pagesforce,’   says   Credit   Suisse’s   economist   Mr   Wan†. According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), a programme that resulted declining reliance on foreign workers should strengthen   Singapore’s   economy   in   the   longer   term.   In   a    recent   review,   the   IMF   said   Ã¢â‚¬Å"Slower   foreign   worker   inflows   will   boost   real   wages   and,   if    complemented with well?targeted incentives for technology and skills upgrading, should with time support productivity growth†.   On   the   other   hand,   the   IMF

The Medias Influence on Eating Disorders Essay example

The Medias Influence on Eating Disorders The National Eating Disorders Association states that eating disorders are conditions that arise from factors including physical, psychological, interpersonal, and social issues. Media images help define cultural definitions of beauty and attractiveness and are often acknowledged as one of the factors that contribute to the rise of eating disorders (NEDA). The National Eating Disorders Associations website, The Effect of the Media on Body Satisfaction in Adolescent Girls, The Medias Influence on Body Image Disturbance and Eating Disorders, and Dieting Behaviors, Weight Perceptions, and Life Satisfaction Among Public High School Adolescents are all articles that evaluate how the media†¦show more content†¦Thirteen percent of 10th graders have reported vomiting, or using laxatives and diuretics to lose weight (Champion and Furnham 214). Many teens have resorted to eating disorders to shed extra pounds and in recent decades anorexia nervosa has increased. Adolescents who de velop eating disorders tend to also have low-self esteem, a negative body image, and feelings of inadequacy, anxiety, social dysfunction, depression, and moodiness (Valois et al. 271). Body dissatisfaction can cause eating disorders, and eating disorders can then cause even more negative body image perceptions. Many teenage girls are turning to eating disorders to relieve their body dissatisfaction, but these behaviors will eventually damage their physical and emotional health, self-esteem, and self-control which will not improve their perception of their body image. One of the main reasons that girls think they need to be thinner than they actually are, is because they are exposed to media images that help define what beautiful and attractive should be. The average teenager watches 3-4 hours of TV each day. In a study of 4,794 TV commercials, one out of every 3.8 commercials sends some sort of ?attractive message? (?NEDA?). So the average teenager is exposed to a lot of messages emphasizing attractiveness, which can cause them to want to feel more attractive. Being exposed to television andShow MoreRelatedWhat Is the Extent of the Medias Influence Regarding Eating Disorders?3804 Words   |  16 PagesPsychology Extended Essay is â€Å"What is the Extent of the Media’s Influence Regarding Eating Disorders?† To further investigate this question, I researched what the media is and what it does, how people are affected by the media and many different studies and experiments. Through the use of several sources, mostly online and experiments, I was able to learn exactly what the media does to possibly be considered an influence on the development of eating disorders. I was able to find a multitude of experimentsRead MoreA Culture Of Perfection : Media s Influence On Adolescents1362 Words   |  6 PagesCulture of Perfection: Media’s Influence on Adolescents Comparison. It is one of the most dangerous and detrimental habits within our society. We fall into a routine of â€Å"self-checking† ourselves against others; mentally taking notes of what we can improve and what we are doing better. We all know that comparison often takes its’ toll on our confidence and self-worth; what we may not realize, however, is how early these destructive habits begin and why. The media’s influence is everywhere and its’Read More Enjoyment of Being a Girl: Overcoming Industry Standards Essay1489 Words   |  6 Pagesa clinical social worker (WVU). The media is such a huge influence in people’s lives sometimes they don’t realize it. As women are walking down the street, the media can influence them. As people are riding in the car, the media can influence them. And even as people are sitting in the comfort of their own home, the media can influence them. The media is everywhere influencing our lives; from television to magazines to the Internet (Media’s Negative). As a woman grows older she often finds it difficultRead MoreEffects of Mass Medias Ideal of Thinness1482 Words   |  6 Pagesindividuals are changing their perspectives to match that of the media’s current ideals. Concern over the media’s influence on body image has recently risen, striking the notion that many people regard the images shown throughout media as ‘real’. However, unbeknownst to them, such unbelievably thin body types are not quite attainable in reality, and therefore, individuals’ own beauty ideals and body images become unrealistic. The mass media’s ideal image of thinness has greatly impacted the overall bodyRead MoreSocial Media has Unhealthy Effect on Young Women647 Words   |  3 PagesImage, and Eating Disorders1) Although men are affected by the downfall of media usage, young women bear the cross. Not only do women have to face the expectations of perfection, bu t also the discrimination from themselves and others. Media usage has become an everyday part of life; however, it has an unhealthy effect on young women. Media’s example of perfection has been drilled into the minds’ of youth. More than half of young girls in America are dissatisfied with their appearance. (Media’s EffectRead MoreThe Globalization Of Eating Disorders963 Words   |  4 PagesSoundness in the Globalization of Eating Disorders In her essay, â€Å"The Globalization of Eating Disorders,† Susan Bordo informs her audience of the growing trends in eating disorders. Through her argument, Bordo illustrates the cruel identity of body-image distortion syndrome while she searches for a solution to the eating-disorder problem by looking to its birthplace in culture. Making use of several examples and scenarios, facts and statistics, and appeals to pathos and logos to construct her argumentRead MoreMass Media Essay1114 Words   |  5 Pagesand entertainment. With these purposes, comes the influence of all the information we are exposed to. Most might say that mass media has had a positive impact on society as it’s made communication and information easily accessible for everyone. However, what they’re not aware of is the negative influences it has brought to women’s body-image. Because of the media’s endless advertisements of what is considered â€Å"beautiful† or â€Å"perf ect†, eating disorders and body dissatisfaction have now become significantRead MoreThink Of A Beautiful, Ten-Year-Old Girl Standing In The1281 Words   |  6 Pagesher cheeks because she is being teased for not being as skinny as the other girls in her class. She looks at the models on TV and envies their skinniness. She wants to look just like them. At ten years old, she starts running after dinner and not eating as much as she use to eat. That beautiful little girl is just like every woman all over the world; she is pressured to by the media to have a â€Å"perfect body.’ Women all over the world are coerced by society to change the way they look. These womenRead MoreThe Media Responsible For Females Essay1679 Words   |  7 PagesDissertation – Chapter 2 Is the media responsible for females, especially youths, for having low self-esteem and lack of confidence? Is the media responsible for the development of eating behaviours and disorders? In a culture with saturated media, the powerful influence upon women and younger girls is a continuous debate. Females of all ages come under immense pressure from the media, friends, partners and even parents to maintain a great body shape. The body images portrayed in the media canRead MoreMedia s Portrayal Of Women1155 Words   |  5 Pagesmay feel depresssed and may want to look like the model through unsafe dieting and other eating disorders. The media has affected girls as young as six years old into changing their appearance to look similar to those idealized in television and magazines. The mass media’s portrayal of women today sets standards of beauty that are highly unattainable and unrealistic, leading to an increase of eating disorders and a negative view of self image. People are exposed to as many as two hundred and fifty

Bill clinton I have sinned free essay sample

Thank you very much, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to the White House and to this day to which Hillary and the vice president and I look forward so much every year. This is always an important day for our country, for the reasons that the vice president said. It is an unusual and, I think, unusually important day today. I may not be quite as easy with my words today as I have been in years past, and I was up rather late last night thinking about and praying about what I ought to say today. And rather unusual for me, I actually tried to write it down. So if you will forgive me, I will do my best to say what it is I want to say to you and I may have to take my glasses out to read my own writing. First, I want to say to all of you that, as you might imagine, I have been on quite a journey these last few weeks to get to the end of this, to the rock bottom truth of where I am and where we all are. We will write a custom essay sample on Bill clinton I have sinned or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I agree with those who have said that in my first statement after I testified I was not contrite enough. I dont think there is a fancy way to say that I have sinned. It is important to me that everybody who has been hurt know that the sorrow I feel is genuine: first and most important, my family; also my friends, my staff, my Cabinet, Monica Lewinsky and her family, and the American people. I have asked all for their forgiveness. But I believe that to be forgiven, more than sorrow is required at least two more things. First, genuine repentance a determination to change and to repair breaches of my own making. I have repented. Second, what my bible calls a broken spirit; an understanding that I must have Gods help to be the person that I want to be; a willingness to give the very forgiveness I seek; a renunciation of the pride and the anger which cloud judgment, lead people to excuse and compare and to blame and complain. Now, what does all this mean for me and for us? First, I will instruct my lawyers to mount a vigorous defense, using all available appropriate arguments. But legal language must not obscure the fact that I have done wrong. Second, I will continue on the path of repentance, seeking pastoral support and that of other caring people so that they can hold me accountable for my own commitment. Third, I will intensify my efforts to lead our country and the world toward peace and freedom, prosperity and harmony, in the hope that with a broken spirit and a still strong heart I can be used for greater good, for we have many blessings and many challenges and so much work to do. In this, I ask for your prayers and for your help in healing our nation. And though I cannot move beyond or forget this indeed, I must always keep it as a caution light in my life it is very important that our nation move forward.

Why Was the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution a Turning Point

Vietnam War is the American’s longest war. During the war, there were many turning points that influenced on the flaw of it and â€Å"changed its direction†. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution that occurred in August 7, 1964, was one of the major turning points in the United States military involvement into the flow of the Vietnam War.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Why Was the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution a Turning Point? – Essay specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The official title of the resolution was The Joint Resolution to Promote the Maintenance of International Peace and Security in Southeast Asia. George Moss (2010) mentions that â€Å"the key language in the 300-word document that granted Johnson the constitutional authority he later used to wage a war in Vietnam† (p. 173). The Resolution was not just another event in the history of the United States, it was really a major turning poi nt because in has a great â€Å"impact on the Ohioans many of whom were members of the armed forces during the Vietnam War. Bealsville, Ohio, lost more people per capita in the Vietnam War than any other community in the United States† (â€Å"Gulf of Tonkin Incident†, 2005). In addition, Resolution also had a historical significance as this allowed the presidents greatly increase the involvement of the U.S. in the South Vietnam and have an â€Å"uncontrolled† interference in the war actions between South and North Vietnam, including the armed forces. The number of American troops there became more than 500,000. This led to enormous losses. More than 55,000 Americans who were engaged in fighting had been killed, as well as thousands of Vietnam people. The events preceding the Resolution were very important. First of all, after the Kennedy’s death, Johnson assumed the presidency and pro-American military leadership replaced the governing of Diem. The year 1 964 was the year of elections and Johnson needed to â€Å"neutralize† Goldwater somehow. So, he stood against the â€Å"Communist threat† in Vietnam. It was announced that two American destroyers, the USS Maddox and the USS Turner Joy, were attacked by the Vietnamese forces, though the United States did not provoke these attacks. But, actually, â€Å"the United States provoked these attacks when they supported South Vietnamese commandos by letting them use American worships to identify North Vietnamese radar stations†. (Moss, 2010, p. 458). These events were named â€Å"the Gulf of Tonkin Incident† that permitted to accept the Resolution that worked as a legal justification of the president’s actions directed on the increasing of the American participation in the war.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The events that were caused by this Resolution also w ere significant. First of all, it convinced American people in the fact that the Congress was confident in Johnson and his poll number quickly rose from 42 to 72 %, moreover, he got an individual power. Later, the Americans realized that they deceived. Cynthia Ann Watson (2002) says that â€Å" The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution has had memorable effect on U. S. national security policy† (p. 170). After the events caused by resolution, many questions aroused about the real course of those events. Many scientists assume that there were no the second attack. Moreover, the outcome of the conflict â€Å"made the Congress less willing to grant wide military power to the executives. (Watson, 2002, p. 170). So, it influenced on the structure of the decision-making process and until G.W. Bush none of the U.S. presidents had a complete and unquestioned support from the Congress. So, the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was one of the major turning points in the history of the USA that greatly in fluenced on the flow of the Vietnam War increasing the involvement of the American troops in the war. This Resolution was preceded by important events and it had no less important consequences. References List Gulf of Tonkin Incident. (2005). Ohio History Central, July 1. Retrieved from http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Gulf_of_Tonkin_Incident?rec=1598 Moss, G. D. (2010) Vietnam: An American Ordeal. 6th Ed. New York: Pearson Education Inc. Watson, C. A. (2002). U.S. National Security: A Reference Handbook. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, Inc.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Why Was the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution a Turning Point? – Essay specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Why Was the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution a Turning Point was written and submitted by user Aryan Graham to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

buy custom The Negative Aspects of Government Spending essay

buy custom The Negative Aspects of Government Spending essay United States government spending is usually supported by the federal budget. The United States federal budget is usually approved by the U.S congress and sets the spending limits to the federal government. Over the years U.S have displayed a continuous economic growth, but at times this trend tends to be violated by overspending and the continued use of debt to finance government spending. The paper will seek to analyze some of these negative aspects in the government spending. In addition it will analyze their impacts on economic growth, job market and taxes. Government spending is one of the components that help in the calculation of the countrys GDP. This is because GDP= C+I+G+NX where GDP=Gross Domestic Product C= consumption I=investment G=government spending NX=net export which is equal to exports-imports. It is therefore a very important economic aspect that government ought not to ignore at any given time. GDP measures the economic growth in a country and it also enables proper budgetary allocation of resources within a government. For quite some times now, the U.S has successfully been able to maintain high GDP and hence its economic dominance. However, with the increased spending in security and Medicaid, adverse effects have continued to be felt by the American people. It is true the federal government ought to ensure maximum security of its people, but well-balanced spending needs to be maintained in order to ensure a continued economic growth. Since there is a displacement cost on spending as the private sector tends to be displaced by this spending, extra caution needs to be maintained. But the current substantial government spending in the U.S shows us that the federal government is not disturbed by the economic consequences. It should be noted that the U.S government spending is politically stimulated since the U.S Congress must approve federal budget before actual spending. The political alignment of the leaders has all along influenced the spending direction a move which continues to be opposed by many economists. In the past the political affiliation of the congress has always decided on military and national security spending, although they do not directly benefit the civilians. More and more budgetary allocation has been made in the past and even to date to fight terrorism and other worldwide insecurities. This spending has significantly consumed a bigger share of the U.S budget and to some extent it causes some civilian resource diversion which continues to affect economic growth and job market in the U.S. likewise, the tax system in the U.S is significantly influenced by the level of government spending. This is because tax revenue is the major source of income for the government and its through i t that most of the debt and expenditures are financed from. As economist argues government spending tends to be burdensome whenever it becomes too large or when its faced with a lot of misappropriations. In such a scenario government costs usually exceeds its benefits. There are however many reasons for these, some which are short term while others are long term in nature. It should be noted that at no any given time will fail to have some adverse consequences on the economy. For instance the major source of government revenue is through taxation, while tax reduces production. The high United States tax system usually tends to reduce peoples incomes, savings and investment amounts which consequently reduce the economic production in the region. And on the other hand if the government decides to borrow in order to finance its spending, then this will have negative implications on the nations currency and tax payers as they will be required to pay more in terms of tax. Likewise an internal borrowing may lead to higher interest rates and in extr eme cases it may cause inflation. In the recent period, the united states military spending has gone up, a move which has continued to raise controversies within the American people. Some feels that the government is increasingly spending more on less important areas while it neglects the important ones. While the other group feels that security is vital area of investment and the government needs to lay more emphasis on. It can be noted that snce 1984 military spending has been going up and with the September 11th terrorist attack similar trend has continued to be observed (Eloranta Appalanchian State University Para 20). Some people continued to argue that Bush administration continued to draw more resources from the civilian expenditure and were instead diverting them into military and anti-terrorist buildup. While some argue that the spending increases employment and income levels of the people, another group views that the spending can never match if a similar amount is invested in private sector or other economic sectors. This is mainly because the largest amount is usually invested on weapon and other capital investments and not on human capital. And the situation even get more worse considering the fact that this military buildup was funded by reducing civilian spending. With the growing technology and the invention of capital intensive weapons and machines, the government has continued to reduce the employment opportunities in the military sector. This is as opposed to the past where labor intensive weapons and machineries were used. Likewise, there is a major shift of focus between the curren t economy and the past. While in the past, military purchasing power was considered a great achievement, the same has been replaced by the government social spending. Governments are now concentrating more towards innovation and investments. High level of military spending is mostly associated with a considerable lower rate of economic growth. This is mostly because military spending tend to push civilian investments which have a higher economic growth aside. And in the recent period military technology and space programs has become too complex to accommodate civilian applications. As a result, such spending does not impact fully on the unemployment crisis that has hit our economy in the recent times (Foster, Holleman McChesney Para 3). In order to reverse the negative impact on the economy, the United States government should seek to reduce military budget and shift the resources towards the civilian investments (Hudson Para 1 2). Such a move will have a long term effect on the countrys economic growth. Such economic diversions are necessary now that our country is experiencing slow economic growth. Some people also tend to argue that the U.S government usually fails to evaluate the economic feasibility of their spending before committing their finances. The fact remains that all government spending are either funded by current taxation or by borrowing. Experiences have shown that whenever government tends to increase tax in order to maximize their revenue, citizens who are the tax payers suffers a lot. In actual sense, tax tends to lower peoples disposable income and their savings habit. Whenever government increases it spending it has to counter it by increasing the tax rate which has an adverse impact on civilians. It is therefore very important to consider the overall effect of an increased government spending. It is quite insignificant for the government to increase its spending on something that does not benefit the taxpayers proportionately. For instance the increase military spending does not have a direct benefit on the civilians, although some people may argue that it is aimed at ensuring the safety of the American people (Engelhardt Para 2). Government should therefore seek to spend more on health care and Medicaid improve ment as it benefit the entire American population directly. And in order to boost the employment rate which is currently down due to the 2008 economic recession, the government should seek to give subsidies to the private sectors. Such a move will guarantee more employment opportunities to the American people and thus improve the overall GDP of the country. The government should also note that financing its spending through borrowing eventually causes inflation. In addition this contributes to currency devaluation and consequently slows the economic growth of a country. Although the dollar has not yet gotten into this point, the U.S government should consider lowering its growing debt dependency as it can have a severe repercussions in future (Mitchell Para 3). The U.S tax policy is greatly determined by government spending. This is because the government usually obtains its largest share through taxation. Additionally government spends what it has in store. So whenever the spending rate increases, it is proportionately commpensated by collection of more revenue through tax. For instance, now that the United States government spending has recently continued to increase due to its military expansion, the American citizens has continued to feel the impact of this spending through the high interest rate charged on them (Gold Para 6). The spending therefore has a negative impact on the tax payers considering that military spending does not benefit them directly. The current statistics shows that the federal tax burden in the U.S is approximately 17% of the total GDP. This is quite a high amount considering the GDP size and other countries such as China. And although the recent U.S administrations has opted to reduce the tax rate, the government find itself having a huge budget deficit which it bridges through borrowings. This borrowing accumulates interest which will eventually have to be repaid in future. This debt accumulation has an overall negative effect to both current and future generations in America. Future generation tends to carry other peoples burden which is not fair at all. It is a pity that our government continues to spend in excess of what they are able to raise and that they continue to depend more on debt to finance their budget deficit. It should be remembered that Obamas administration also did what other presidents were doing whenever they were faced with some financial difficulty. He too decided to raise his debt ceili ng in order to enable his government to borrow more to finance his high government spending. It is even worse since the largest proportional of the U.S government spending is on the military and not on civilian investments such as education and health care (Adams Para 15). In future more strict measures should be established to make sure that the government does not opt for an increase in debt accumulation but instead it should check its spending by eliminating what is not of great necessity to the people. The U.S government has a danger of spending more on social security funds as there is a looming retirement of the baby-boom generation (Chantrill Para 1). This is an expenditure which is not productive at all, since the payment threshold will not be put into an economical use. And considering that the baby-boomers have been greatly involved in the economic production, their retirement will adversely affect the economic growth of the country. And in order to check all this unnecessary spending, the U. S government should establish budgetary restraints. Such restraints should aim at making sure that government spending is only done to the productive sectors. The government should only allow spending which sufficiently generate high rate of returns and have a higher economic benefit to the public. Conclusion The government spending needs to be closely monitored and reduced as it causes budget deficits in many countries. Nations should design an alternative method of pursuing their national security interest since doing so will greatly save their budget. This can be done through an efficient use of budgetary restraints such as fiscal policies. Fiscal policy in this case concentrates on reducing the level of government spending (Schmookler Para 7). It emphasizes much on the programs with lower benefits or those with higher costs. The U.S government should seek to minimize its military spending and instead increase the civilian investments which will positively impact on the economy and job market. It should also seek to boost the private sector through issue of subsidies, since by doing so they will be stimulating economic growth. Since government spending tends to be burdensome whenever it becomes too large or when its faced with a lot of misappropriations. The government should establish effective and efficient measures by ensuring balanced budgetary operations if not a surplus. At all times government should make sure that its revenue exceeds its expenditure. In such a scenario there will be a positive economic growth, and the unemployment rate will definitely reduce. The countrys tax system will also be proportionate and affordable in order to encourage savings which further encourages growth. Although it is important for the U.S government to continue investing on its national security and fight against terrorism, it should not be done at the expense of the U.S tax payers. The government should try to strike a balance by equally investing in the other important sectors which have a direct benefit to the general public. Buy custom The Negative Aspects of Government Spending essay

If I Was vs. If I Were

If I Was vs. If I Were If I Was vs. If I Were If I Was vs. If I Were By Maeve Maddox In 1964, when Sheldon Harnick wrote the lyrics for the musical Fiddler on the Roof, he had the poverty-stricken Russian milkman Tevye sing â€Å"If I were a rich man.† In 1992, affluent rock star Bon Jovi sang â€Å"If I was your mother,† but then in 2008, Beyoncà © sang â€Å"If I were a boy.† Clearly, both forms persist in popular usage. Curious to see how the two constructions compare in the world of pop music, I searched a site called ReverbNation. According to the search results, â€Å"If I Was† and† If I Were† as song titles are tied at â€Å"over 500 songs† each. According to linguist Geoffrey Pullum, co-author of the Cambridge Grammar of the English Language (CGEL), there’s no significant difference between using was or were in what the CGEL calls â€Å"the irrealis form of the copula.† (A copula is what linguists call a word that links subject and predicate. Irrealis is unreal.) In Pullum’s view, both â€Å"if I was† and â€Å"if I were† mean the same thing in such a statement. A web search will bring up both acceptance and rejection of the â€Å"if I was† construction. Merriam-Webster illustrates its discussion of the usage by pointing out that F. Scott Fitzgerald used both forms for statements of unreality. Here are two: I wish I were twenty-two again †¦ - F. Scott Fitzgerald, letter, 27 Dec. 1925. †¦ if I was Vassar, I wouldn’t take you †¦ - F. Scott Fitzgerald, letter, 18 Apr. 1938 The M-W editor concludes: Clearly there is a choice to be made here, and if Fitzgerald could use either form, so can others. Unfortunately, not everyone will agree with Merriam-Webster on this one. To many people, â€Å"I wish I was a rich man† is not standard usage. There are contexts in which â€Å"if I was† can be justified. For example, â€Å"If she was ill, no wonder she left the party early.† In a statement that does not describe reality, or the possibility of reality, were is still the better choiceif only because a great many employers, clients, and customers still regard â€Å"if I was you† as nonstandard usage. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:16 Substitutes for â€Å"Because† or â€Å"Because Of†List of Greek Words in the English Language

DQ # 1 Response to Classmate Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

DQ # 1 Response to Classmate - Research Paper Example Rita, the remaining staff nurses, and with the help of all employees on the unit can succeed in orienting and retaining the seven new graduates by first welcoming them to the unit.  In helping the new employees feel welcome, it is also important to realize that leadership and followership has a synergistic relationship and that â€Å"no change can occur without willing and committed followers† (Grossman & Valiga, 2009, p. 36). Starting a new job, especially as a new graduate nurse is very stressful. Fear and lack of confidence can sometimes overwhelm a new graduate and it is extremely important to make them feel welcome. Research suggests that when the  Ã¢â‚¬Å"staff is friendly, welcoming, open to the new graduates being there, supportive, and encouraging of their learning† can result in a successful transition from new graduate to nurse (Glynn & Sylva, 2013, p. 177). In real world, it can be seen that through creating quality relationship between leadership and followership, it is possible to orient as well as retain the new nurses. As stated by Grossman and Valiga (2009), â€Å"Leadership and followership are two separate concepts that are complementary or reciprocal, not competitive† (p. 36). People often feel apprehensive when they start a new job but when they are given a warm welcome to the unit, they quickly gain confidence which helps them to acclimatize to the environment. This is so because there would be mutual understanding among the team members which help them to easily fit in the working environment. I have witnessed this at Baptist Hospital where the pre op nurse manager displays quality leadership styles where new nurses are given the opportunity to freely interact with senior nurses in a bid to build confidence in them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Offering encouragement and support to the new nurses and allowing them to ask questions, makes them feel comfortable and increases their confidence. It is also important to gain feedback from the new